Project

In 2013, my son Daniel and I created two rose windows for St. Thomas Aquinas Priory in Charlottesville, Virginia. The Dominican Friars at the Priory pray in the chapel beneath these two windows five times daily. Each symbol instructs the faithful and inspires prayer, which hearkens back to the purpose of stained glass in ancient times. Each painted piece was fired multiple times and painted using antique processes and techniques. The Dominicans are an old order, and we were pleased to create what they wanted using traditional materials and methods. At twenty-nine years old, I am most proud of

Read More »

Self

One of the most interesting aspects of my life as an artist is my ability to create my reality. I desire to do good, be helpful, contribute when appropriate, and be true to myself. Finding direction and support is challenging in a world with many contradictions, and simple solutions are the norm for very complex problems. And then I have to contend with my inner workings. When I get dressed in the morning, I lay out what I will wear on my bed. Almost every time, I say to myself, I can not possibly be that big around. And

Read More »

Projects

Some vast projects have occurred over the years. This is Saint Peter Baptist Church in Glen Allen, Virginia. We completed it around twenty years ago. I’m often asked if we have any large projects we’re working on. This was our most extensive one, completing most of the work outside my shop. Projects like the twenty windows we designed and built for Saint Peter are very demanding. Starting with a committee, we tackle everything from subject matter to color. Politics plays a slightly different role for each job of this size. Not knowing the specifics, I’ve learned to sit quietly

Read More »

Design

I spend a lot of time studying my projects to reduce the possibility that they will go in the wrong direction once we start building. Of course, color and line are primary considerations. It is interesting how important it is to balance the volume of colors through the glass sizes so the window will feel right. I also have to consider halation, how strong light can overwhelm specific colors, the colors around them, and sometimes even the lead lines. When selecting glass from my suppliers, I favor the more translucent areas in a sheet of glass, often knowing that

Read More »

Self

I’m going to be seventy-six in a couple of weeks. I spend considerable time thinking about life, especially the changes that have occurred during my lifetime. When we couldn’t use calculators in statistics class, NASA was the only one with computers, and I relied so heavily on my paperback Webster Dictionary. I remember how others laid out our lives with medals, ribbons, and negative feedback, creating a well-defined course. For some, this provided security, comfort, and certainty. I was miserable. I love this electronic age. I feel connected to friends, to the rest of the world, to what people

Read More »

Design

I spent most of today working toward completing my project, depicting a fall evening scene by the Blue Ridge mountains as if standing on an overlook on the Parkway. I worked into the fading light to understand how the glass represents the changing light: how the moon lightens the color of the leaves, and the sky darkens them. I have always been fond of fall leaves, as they unattached themselves and find their way blowing in the wind. It is such a natural order of the universe, so free and natural. The challenge is the moment is fleeting. We

Read More »

Self

Focusing on color enriches my life every day. As a young man, I was so busy trying to meet others’ demands that my mind was consumed by clearing hurdles as fast as I could. At this age, I understand why the blinders were so routinely attached. I’m past the stage where I resent what I believe was stolen from me, leaving me with a clear head to enjoy the pleasures of the world around me. I now drive slower, walk slower, eat slower, and sit longer as I absorb the beauty in our world that captures my imagination. Every

Read More »

Design

Scrolling through my photographs, I see this as one of my favorites. It is so lush and abundant, as if it were after a heavy rain, capturing movement when it recomposes after absorbing fresh moisture. The complexity of everything it represents keeps me returning as it nourishes my imagination.

Read More »

Design

Around twenty years ago, I experimented with combining glass and metal motifs. This was a design for a powder room entrance. Starting with a garden gate design, I used zinc to represent the ironwork and stained glass for the background. Then, I cut the leaves and extensions for the tops out of flat copper, melted solder over both sides and shaped them with a hammer and anvil. My first thought about the hanging vines and leaves was to carve them into the glass and paint the etched areas. However, I revised my idea and used a traditional stained glass

Read More »

Design

I enjoy collaborating with other artists. This collaboration was for a home near Charlottesville, Virginia, around twenty years ago. I created panels representing the four seasons, one on each side, for a pool table lamp. I can’t say I’m fond of artificial lighting, but it works here, and of course, I had no choice. The lamp gave the room a southing feeling, a break from the more formal setting, especially as one leaned across the table to take a shot.

Read More »

Design

This is one of my current projects. It will be installed in my patron’s bedroom, where he can enjoy the beauty of the evening sky regardless of the weather. The concept is as if one is standing on one of the overlooks on Skyline Drive overlooking the Blue Ridge Mountains. This is the background. Now, I’m starting on the foreground, which will be dimensional. With solder-covered copper wire representing branches surrounded by our flame-worked leaves.

Read More »

Design

I enjoy creating movements in my designs. It heightens interest, often as a surprise element. I start with studying sheets of glass. The only control I have is selecting areas I find interesting. If I introduce flame working, my influence extends into form and color. This is one of my favorite examples. It’s in a series of four windows about 32″x 20″ in height. The theme of the four windows is the wind blowing through winter vines, releasing the last of leaves and berries. The overall effect is that my art has a presence of both far away and

Read More »

Self

I believe it is essential to have a rich emotional life. Not only to be aware but to dive deeply into its meaning, to better understand ourselves, and to fully appreciate this aspect of being a human. Over the years, I have learned that I need to take mine “out for a walk ” to appreciate and evaluate them from a different perspective from where they evolved. Studying other countries, history, philosophy, and just about anything else removes me from this little environment where I tend to find comfort, safety, and certainty. It introduces me to many other possibilities

Read More »

Design

I created this window in 2021 for a dear friend and patron who lives in Floyd, Virginia. It was for an interior transom. Typically, I design vegetation toward the end of the growing season, when plants mature and show great character. For this window, I chose a whiplash design similar to those often seen in fabric. All of the glass is flameworked. 1/2-inch strips of stained glass 18 inches long are held over a flame of propane and oxygen and annealed for 30 minutes at 990 degrees. There are no molds or forms, only simple needle-nose plyers, a graphite

Read More »

Design

I designed this front door transom for a home in Richmond, Virginia, thirty years ago. The homeowners didn’t pursue the idea, so it became a design learning experience. A window like this can become quite expensive. I’m not expensive, but all of the processes involved add up. Even if I explain everything, most people need help understanding the time, skill, and value of such a piece. Even if one desires the piece, where is its place in a list of priorities? I understand. Some accept the concept as a work of art, a symbol of expendable income, or their

Read More »

Design

I created this window for a home in northern Virginia around thirty-five years ago. The 1/2-inch thick glass borders beveled on our 1915 beveling machines included zipper cuts. Zipper cuts were popular as decorative items and significantly increased the overall cost. The center is beveled 3/8-inch glass with a brilliant cut star. Brilliant cutting is when the design is ground out with a stone and then polished with pumice and cerium oxide. The background is light restoration glass with slight striations to avoid competing with the other accent pieces. The zinc cames are free floating. By cutting out the

Read More »

Self

The proper title for what I do is artist/craftsman. I first heard of this description when I was in my early twenties. I was drawn to it because it is all-encompassing. I didn’t have to include anyone else in my creation; it set the stage for my free expression. I’m not fond of titles. This goes back to my experience dealing with too many people with credentials who need to have the minds of their professions. Around thirty years ago, a much younger artist asked me how long it took me to begin to feel like an artist. I

Read More »

Color Selection

This window is part of a series depicting the four seasons for a home North of Washington, DC. I created the series in 2020. I start with an idea sketch to find the glass for such a window, wanting to remain as flexible as possible while searching. This invariably means a trip to my favorite glass factory, Youghiogheny Opalescent Glass Company, in Connellsville, Penn. Their production is in the back of their complex, attached to a large warehouse in front full of rows of crates of stained glass stacked one row on top of the other. Each glass crate

Read More »

Creativity

Over the years, my focus has been creativity. I’ve only passively studied the history of art glass. I learned a little here and there. I was inspired as much by photographs of working studios, mainly how they were organized and the men and women who worked there. In September 2013, I received a phone call from St. John’s Lutheran Church in South West Virginia from someone who wanted to discuss an idea with me. They were beginning to rethink their cross. It could be more inspirational. Over the years, I have noticed sheets of silvered stained glass when I

Read More »

Design

There are days when going to work is pure joy. So much of my time is spent dealing with communication, taxes, insurance, fixing problems, and working out the details so we stay financially viable. Today was different. I finished with all of the above thirty minutes into the day. It’s common to take two to three times that amount of time. When designing, the coordination between my mind and mechanical pencils centers me. It’s like driving when I know everything works correctly and can focus on the journey. From here, my mind is on the conversation my patron and

Read More »

Marketing

Marketing, the ever-changing mystery commission artist must have some understanding of to survive. Over the years, I have sent out postcards and letters, attended appointments and committee meetings, and displayed at craft shows. These are the building blocks to gathering interest in my art. They are also time-consuming and usually take a long time to pay off. One of the rewards of growing older is word of mouth. Occasionally, I get an email from someone who saw my work years ago and now has the place and funds to advance. Or, they read an article about my work and

Read More »

Marketing

It was 1972. After working on the kitchen table for several months, I rented an upstairs studio apartment in Carytown, a retail district in Richmond, Virginia. I was above the Daisy shoe store and across from the Byrd Theater and New York Deli. If you walked down the opposite side of the street, you would see some of my lamps lit and hanging in the upstairs windows. On my side of the street, one could see my sign to help solve the mystery of what was happening upstairs. I thought that if one was an artist/craftsman, one should make

Read More »

Craftsmanship

I created this window for the Fork Union Military Academy in Fork Union, Virginia, in 1990. The beveled glass is 3/8 inch thick and beveled on our 1915 beveling machinery. The dark areas are emerald green blown glass. The architecture is wood in a large Victorian farmhouse style. Typically, most leaded beveled glass is 3/16″ or 1/4″ thick. However, you may occasionally find 3/8″ glass in some historical areas. I started using the thicker glass when I went through a period of working on large homes in and around Washington, DC. Many homes were built with unusually thick wood

Read More »

Designing

There are times when I get a little carried away and over-design. Usually, there is a transition in my mind when I can’t find what I’m looking for, and a more playful idea develops, so I move in that direction to entertain myself. This often leads to new design ideas and a new way of using the materials I work with. I like the columns on each side of this window. They are similar but different from the ones I’ve seen before. The two connecting pieces at the top are thick, beveled 3/8″ glue-chipped glass to simulate a stone

Read More »

Self

Creating the art glass windows I make takes a lot of study. First, I must study the idea, translate it into a drawing, find and select the colors, make a pattern that will meet the mechanical requirements of a well-built window, and study the best way to execute the piece. Over the years, I have become comfortable with creative processes: thinking and doing, doing and thinking, and reevaluating new information.They are quick and easy to execute and fit my mental makeup. As a student, I struggled with focusing, memory, and concentration. I learned later that being born left-handed but

Read More »

Family

I designed this window for Tanden Friends School in 2001. We sent our children to this small Charlottesville, Virginia, school modeled after the transcendentalist. There were only 220 children in the 5th through 12th grade. Small classes and intimate relationships proved vital to our children’s development. They thrived academically and emotionally, earned impressive scholarships, and now live self-directed, meaningful lives. We knew we had found the perfect academic community for our children from the beginning. We were all so grateful that we decided to create something special to show our appreciation while they were students. I started designing the

Read More »

Promotion

1985, we worked with St Peter Baptist Church in Glen Allen, Virginia, creating their new stained glass windows. Before social media, we would share our progress on large projects using storyboards. Early in my career, I learned that eliminating surprises, especially in large groups, was desirable. Any documentation approved by the stained glass committee carried a lot of weight. Before email, I would take photographs and mail them to our patrons, along with a few business cards. This proved an excellent marketing tool as they would share them with friends and pass along our cards. One can’t beat word-of-mouth

Read More »

Self

Glass cutting is something I take seriously. Each type of glass cuts slightly differently, requiring varying pressures on the little wheel at the end of the cutter. The wheel has particular angles for various thicknesses and hardnesses of glass. Each cut requires dipping the little wheel into a small jar with light oil to give it a longer life. Cutting and grinding glass has the feel of ice to me. Many years ago, before grinders, I would nip away at inside curves with a pair of glass plyers I had rounded off for easy access. It was tedious and

Read More »

Self

I have found a most enjoyable way to exercise. I peddle my stationary recumbent bike for thirty minutes five days a week. Over the instrument panel is a place for my iPad, where I entertain myself with music and stories about other artists and research my latest projects around the house. Lately, I’ve been watching episodes of America’s Got Talent on YouTube. It is so interesting to me when someone or a group comes out of nowhere with a fresh new routine. It renews my faith in our uniqueness, reinforced by the effort required to pull it all together.

Read More »

Shop

We heat our shop with wood. Living out in the country, there is always plenty of firewood from fallen and dying trees, and of course, there are always people who sell cut and split wood ready to burn. I have often found small gasoline engines frustrating to maintain, so this year, I switched to battery-powered chain saws. I’m quite happy with the switch. Battery-powered is quieter, more responsive, and not as messy. I have a friend who has a very serious wood splitter. When he brings it over, he also brings his four home-schooled children. With the guys in

Read More »

Beveling

I created this fire screen around 1998 for a home in Richmond, Virginia. This couple had an Art Deco room full of beautiful objects. I’m fond of Art Deco’s lovely lines, textures, and colors. It’s a nice change from so much of my work influenced by Art Nouveau. I used 1/4 inch clear glass, and brass came. Beveling glass this size requires an enormous amount of skill and strength. I could never bevel glass this size today. I have always admired large mirrors behind bars. Some are twelve feet long by four feet high and have a 1 3/4″

Read More »

Bevels

I created this transom for a home in Richmond, Virginia, in 1994. All the bevel glass transoms I’ve seen in the older parts of Richmond are symmetrical. Although this design can be considered symmetrical, I wanted to make it slightly different. I’m always looking for a way to break free of the past in a subtle but tasteful way so that my art blends with the furnishing and atmosphere of the area it will be included in. This bevel glass transom was above an interior door. The exterior was a beautiful sunroom, so not only did it receive plenty

Read More »

Bevels

I created this window as a shower door for a home in Richmond, Virginia, around 1994. The idea was that one was showering beside a slight waterfall, with the water cascading around boulders before finding its way through a series of small pools. I constructed the window using zinc for strength and packed putty under the cames for strength and watertightness

Read More »

Self

When I started my journey in 1972, I was 23 years old. One of my biggest challenges was pricing my work. I remember how nervous I would get when giving someone an estimate for a lamp, which is how I started my career. I was always looking for work, even painting a few houses along the way to make ends meet. At that point, I was happy to just survive, with the possibility of being able to keep building my livelihood. Most people had no problem with what I quoted them. However, some were quite agasp. I took this

Read More »

Etched

We created this mirror for a restaurant in Richmond, Virginia, around 1980. Art glass goes through phases of popularity. Stained glass, beveled glass, and etched glass rotate when people design their restaurants. I learned early that many people travel to other restaurants looking for decorating ideas when designing their own. Many go to New York, and some even go to Europe. This idea was seen in New York City. We achieved this effect by etching away the back of the mirror, allowing the light from the pink neon to filter through.

Read More »

Carving

Carving is one of the most challenging processes I do. It is almost always on a thick piece of glass; in this case, the glass was 5/8 of an inch with a polished OG edge. It’s heavy and seems to get heavier as the day goes on. A 1/8-inch rubber stencil with adhesive on one side is carefully applied to the backside. Hand rollers ensure the stencil lies flat on the glass. Any air bubbles are cause for concern as they may interfere with the accuracy of the design’s cutting. Artwork is created and traced with tracing paper. Next,

Read More »

Design

When I design a window like this, I first create the main feature. Much effort goes into the detailing, so I avoid leaning over into the middle of the window during its creation. When designing vegetation, I like to make it look like it’s in its later stages of life. This sets the stage for building character into the design, making it more exciting and suggesting motion. I used iridized glass for the background to give the effect of late evening. The vines were solder sculptured over finishing nails for strength, so reinforcing bars are unnecessary. I beveled small

Read More »

Self

I have never liked stereotyping people. I’m not good at it, and I almost always feel bad if I do. Of course, it’s just a part of who we are for many reasons. When we were working on a lot of church restoration, if I drove up to a church with mostly management people, I would often since I was facing an uphill battle if I wanted to continue pursuing the project. Or, as we say in the country, he must have jumped the fence, or he’s on the other team. If I pulled up to a church with

Read More »

Designing

For years, getting started was the hardest part. I waited for “inspiration.” I thought I needed to have the image in my mind and then transfer it to paper. I would sit around and ponder various options for way too long. When I start a new commission, I engage my patron in conversation. They usually have ideas they have been looking forward to sharing with me, so I sit back and listen. I then share my thoughts, and we evolve into a collaboration. Putting our ideas on paper has become the most pleasant part instead of the most challenging.

Read More »

Designing

Sometimes, I draw at my drawing or kitchen table just for fun, following my imagination. I enjoy being a commissioned glass artist. Working in a collaborative environment with others has pushed me into areas I probably wouldn’t have explored otherwise. But sometimes, it’s just me shuffling graphite around on paper. As one line leads to another, I have become quite intimate with my various pencils and erasers. They are the tools my mind uses to express itself. This drawing is one of my favorites. Asymmetry is rare in architecture. I have some ideas about why: cost, production time, and

Read More »

Efficiency

John came to work yesterday but was unusually excited to tell me something. Remember when I first started working here? We were beveling one day, and when I had something to say, I would turn to you and stop beveling. I noticed that you only stopped beveling when you finished a piece and picked up another. You said we were only productive when holding the glass on those big rotating wheels. We can talk and bevel at the same time. That thought has followed me throughout my life, ever since I joined the Navy, worked for other companies, was

Read More »

Flameworking

Flameworking has become an essential part of our art. Four of our current commissions will require thousands of pieces, which we will make one at a time by hand. When we have time, which is becoming rare, we build our inventory. When visiting our suppliers, I buy stained glass sheets to work specifically over a flame. First, we cut the sheets into eighteen-inch sections and then into 1/4″ to 3/8″ strips. We group them into canning jars and place them on shelves above our torches. I’m a big believer in displaying our supplies and tools. Living with them creates

Read More »

Ornamentation

Looking closely at this window, you will see small, clear glass sculptures. Each is three to four pieces of 3/8-inch glass that I beveled on my 1915 beveling machinery and attached with UV adhesive. My idea was to create a stylized group of organisms appearing as Clif dwellers on an art glass window. The round, clear, beveled pieces represent eggs. It was a whimsical idea to brighten my day.

Read More »

Inspiration

Around twenty-five years ago, I sought another outlet for inspiration. I grew bored with traditional stained glass designs and wanted fresh ideas. I found it in jewelry. Jewelry has an enormous and rich design history, not only of line but of color. I studied Lalique, Cartier, Chanel, and others who looked to antiquity and vintage for inspiration. Below is one of my favorites by Rene Lalique. I knew I would only use a small fraction of what I discovered, but I was filing away a wealth of information that would influence my future work. Twenty-five years later, I see

Read More »

Inspiration

Every year, this time is an anniversary for me. It marks my first deep appreciation for nature’s beauty. I’m not sure where my thoughts were before, but I discovered the natural beauty around me in my late teens. I believe it developed from my first awareness of freedom of thought. As my first major in college, I learned the biology of trees, from digging a five-foot hole in the forest floor to identifying species by their leaves and everything in between. Although this gave me an understanding of the science and was crucial to my overall appreciation, the forest’s

Read More »

Designing

When I design a window, I consider how far away the viewer will be. This concept is often seen in church windows. The background design consists of larger pieces of glass and is repetitive to give the sanctuary a feeling of unity. Medallions are placed near eye level so the viewer can study the details in the message. I often use this concept in my residential art as a surprise element.

Read More »

Spontaneity

As I age, I find that being creative is much more spontaneous. When I look back on my younger days, with all of the to-dos and structures placed before me, I remember how daunting life was. There was always someone directing, evaluating, and labeling me. I often didn’t feel seen as myself but conveniently placed into a category. Later, I learned that I was being conditioned and socialized to be outward-directed, to follow directions from others. I understand. An institution’s role is to stabilize, organize, and provide a variety of labor levels for its economic structure. However, my goal

Read More »

Social Media

When I was 13, my mother took my brother, sister, and me to the Virginia State Fair. I enjoyed seeing all the young animals, eating cotton candy and “elephant ears,” and riding on the rides that required me to be a certain height. When I was 17, I drove my first car, an old Rambler, to the fair by myself, where I quickly began to discover areas my mother had managed to shield me from. I was amazed and entertained by the variety of people I encountered. Some people liked each other, and some people seemed frazzled and distant.

Read More »

Reinforcing

I wouldn’t say I like reinforcing bars in my windows. The general rule is to use a reinforcing bar every eighteen inches. However, I’ll sometimes add an extra one or two, like when the window is exposed to wind and rain. I’ll use 3/8″ or 1/2″ flat bars in a typical leaded glass window.They aren’t intrusive when placed perpendicular to the window, but no bars are better. When I started including branches in my designs, I would leave a space between the pieces of glass on either side, fill the space with solder, and sculpt it to look like

Read More »